Disinfecting Solution for Fungal Infection
1 teaspoon of household bleach
2 teaspoons of Calgon (water softener)
8 oz of cool water
For complete dentures, soak overnight and then brush with soap and rinse.
For dentures with temporary reliners, avoid soaking for > 10min.
For partial dentures, use cotton swab to clean the denture flanges with 1:10 diluted household bleach. Avoid contacting the metal surface.
Intraoral Fungal Infection
Rx: Mycostatin (Nystatin) oral suspension 100,000IU/ml
Mitte: 48ml bottle with calibrated dropper
Sig: 1ml q.i.d., swish mouth for 1min then swallow, continue for a minimum of 2 weeks
Rx: Peridex/Perioguard (chlorhexidine) 0.12% oral rinse (0.2% alcohol free)
Mitte: 475ml bottle
Sig: 15ml b.i.d, rinse mouth for 30sec then expectorate, continue for 1 week
Angular Cheilitis
Rx: Mycostatin (Nystatin) ointment 100,000units/gm
Mitte: 30gm tube
Sig: Apply to corners of mouth q.i.d., continue for a minimum of 2 weeks
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Here is an in vivo study on cavity-inducing potentials of various liquid drinks commonly fed to infants. The study compares cola, sucrose, honey, human milk, cow milk, and infant formulas. Cola and honey are associated with significant level of cavities and tooth erosion. See the journal article about additional comparison.
Cola, sucrose, and honey were by far the most cariogenic. In addition, cola and honey induced considerable erosion. Human milk was significantly more cariogenic than cow milk probably because of its lower mineral content and higher level of lactose.
Our data show that the use of honey, cola, and sucrose water in nursing bottles should be discouraged. Although human milk is more cariogenic than cow milk, it is no more cariogenic than are common infant formulas. Protracted exposure to human milk or formula through allowing an infant to sleep on the nipple should be discouraged, and the need for oral hygiene after tooth eruption should be emphasized.
Read more on: American Academy of Pediatrics1
Breastfeeding vs Infant Formulas 1 | 2 | 3 |
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Previously we discussed some differences between infant formulas and breastfeeding. Today we’re going to explore risks and benefits of infant formulas and breastfeeding.
Infant Formulas
There are several types of infant formulas with different compositions. This article will focus on the following four types.
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Which infant formula to use?
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1. Formulas with iron
2. Formulas with low iron
3. Soy forumulas
4. Protein hydrolyzate formulas
Regardless of the types, in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that infant formulas are acidogenic (ie, acid production when milk is metabolized by cariogenic bacteria) and therefore may play a significant role in the development of baby bottle tooth decay.1 Furthermore, low iron formulas are associated with the highest level of caries incidents.2
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Which is better? Breast milk, or infant formulas?
Breast milk contains mother’s antibodies and thus protects infants against infection during the first year of their lives where the infant immune system is not fully mature yet. It’s usually recommended to breastfeed infants for at least the first year of life and beyond for as long as mutually desired by mother and child, according to American Academy of Pediatrics.1 This is true from medical perspective. However, from dental point of view, it is recommended that breastfeeding is provided only during the first six months of infancy or before the eruption of the first baby tooth. Children who are breast-fed for more than 9 months are likely to experience more dental careis at 3 years of age than those kids who were breast-fed for less than 9 months, due to vertical transmission of cariogenic Strep Mutans bacteria from mother to child.2
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Is infant formula the same as breast milk?
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Many Americans equate formula with mother’s milk
Many Americans mistakenly believe that infant formula offers the same benefits as breast milk, a U.S. study has found.
“The findings underscore the need to educate the general public that breastfeeding is the best method of feeding and nurturing infants,” lead author Dr. Rowe Li of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention wrote in her study, published in the January issue of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association.
Li said 14 per cent of infants in the U.S. are fed exclusively breast milk at six months of age, despite recommendations that suggest infants be breastfed for at least a year. Public health agencies, including Health Canada, say breastfeeding provides for infants’ growth and curbs gastrointestinal and respiratory infections.
Read more on: cbc.ca
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Dentin Bonding System consists of:
- Conditioner / Acid Etch: an acid used to dissolve hydroxyapatite crystals in dentin and enamel (eg, phosphoric acid, polyacrylic acid, EDTA, maleic acid)
- Primer: hydrophilic monomers that can penetrate thru dentinal smear layer into intertubular dentin to fill the space left by dissolved hydroxyapatite (eg, HEMA - hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
- Adhesive / Bondong Agent: mixture of unfilled, liquid acrylic monomers that bond the composite to primer
Dentin Bonding System Generations
Generation 4: three steps
- acid etch → rinse → primer → adhesive → light cure
Generation 5: two steps
- acid etch → rinse → (primer + adhesive) → light cure
Generation 6:
- two step: acidified primer (acid + primer) → apply adhesive → light cure
- one step: mix acid/primer/adhsive altogether and then apply
Generation 7: one step
- no mixing required, simply apply in one step and then light cure
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